Formation of a facial hematoma during endodontic therapy

Background. Sodium hypochlorite, or NaOCl, is one of the most commonly used irrigating solutions in endodontic practice. Its clinically proven antibac terial, solvent and lubricating properties make it a very appealing choice as an intracanal medicament. Case Description. The authors present a case of facial hematoma formation a fter an inadvertent injection of NaOCl into the periapical tissues. The NaO Cl solution caused extensive tissue destruction. Management of the conditio n required the hospitalization, intravenous antibiotic therapy and multiple intraoral surgical incisions to facilitate drainage. Clinical Implications. Use of NaOCl must be confined to the root canal syst em. This report reviews this intracanal medicament's potential toxicity and emphasizes the need for clinicians to remain cognizant of possible problem s while using the solution.