Systematics of the genus Capra inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data

Traditional classification in the genus Capra is based mainly on horn morph ology. However, previous investigations based on allozyme data are not cons istent with this classification. We thus reexamined the evolutionary histor y of the genus by analyzing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variation. W e collected bone samples from museums or dead animals found in the field. T hirty-four individuals were successfully sequenced for a portion of the mtD NA cytochrome b gene and control region (500 bp in total). We obtained a st ar-like phylogeny supporting a rapid radiation of the genus. In accordance with traditional classification, mtDNA data-support the presence of two cla des in the Caucasus and the hypothesis of a domestication event in the Fert ile Crescent. However, in conflict with morphology, we found that C. aegagr us and C. ibex are polyphyletic species, and we propose a new scenario for Capra immigration into Europe. (C) 1999 Academic Press.