How our brains work is one of the major unsolved problems of biology This p
aper describes some of the techniques of molecular biology that are already
being used to study the brains of animals. Mainly as a result of the human
genome project many new techniques will soon become available which could
decisively influence the progress of neuroscience. I suggest that neuroscie
ntists should tell molecular biologists what their difficulties are, in the
hope that this will stimulate the production of useful new biological tool
s.