Well-defined phonons with strong anomalous (upward) dispersion are observed
by inelastic neutron scattering in liquid para-H-2 at a temperature of 15.
7 K. The damping, being very small for the low-e phonons, increases with wa
ve vector Q, and only broad features are observed for Q greater than or sim
ilar to 1 Angstrom(-1). This behavior is shown to deviate strongly from res
ults of molecular simulations of a fully classical analogue using a realist
ic potential. [S0163-1829(99)01245-X].