A modified acrosome induction test

Many types of acrosome induction tests require special equipment and reagen ts that are not available to most clinicians; thus, simpler tests seem desi rable. A modified acrosome induction test has been developed that uses basi c reagents and a light microscope, which are available in most office setti ngs. A hypoosmotic swelling test and a double stain (Bismark brown and rose Bengal) were combined to evaluate the viable acrosome reaction (AR) among 74 infertile men and 42 control men. The study included 34 infertile males without varicoceles, 20 with nonrepaired varicoceles and 20 with repaired v aricoceles. On each test day, a specimen from a fertile donor was run as a control. The spontaneous acrosome reaction was recorded in semen before and after capacitation. The final % viable acrosome reaction equaled the capac itated value minus the spontaneous value for whole semen. The mean % viable AR among the control specimens was 16% with no values less than 10%. This mean value for controls was significantly greater than the mean % viable AR in each patient group. There were no overlaps in the 95% confidence interv als. When the study group was stratified according to normal acrosome induc tion tests or >10% viable AR, 30 patients had a normal test and 44 had abno rmal tests. Six patients with varicoceles and an abnormal acrosome inductio n test had a varicocelectomy, and 2 (33%) converted their acrosome inductio n test to normal after at least 6 months of follow-up. Nine patients had in vitro fertilization (IVF), 3 had a poor result, and all had an abnormal ac rosome induction test. Six had a good result with IVF and all 6 had a norma l acrosome induction test. Thus, the acrosome induction test described in t his report may be performed in any office laboratory to detect subtle male factor problems. The results may be helpful for planning IVF, intracytoplas mic sperm injection, or varicocele surgery for infertile men.