Combustion induced transport of heavy metals in the gas phase - A review

Focusing on transport of heavy metals in gas phase, this review allows an i nsight into the complex physical-chemical processes taking place during com bustion and cooling. As heavy metal emission is frequently correlated with particulate matter, morphological, mineralogical, and chemical properties o f fly ash particles are introduced as well as evaporation-condensation proc esses. Metal reactions in high temperature zones with thermodynamic modelin g of the chemistry in high temperature systems were investigated by several research groups. Analyses concerning the distribution and deposition behav ior of heavy metals involved in laboratory-scale combustion tests, full-sca le incineration plants, and real fire accidents as well as full-scale simul ations of the latter were done.