Thermodynamic and transport properties of sorbitol and mannitol in water and in mixed aqueous solutions

Apparent molal volumes, apparent molal adiabatic compressibilities and visc osities of sorbitol and mannitol have been determined in water at 288.15, 2 98.15, 308.15 and 318.15 K and in aqueous solutions of urea and sodium chlo ride (0.5 m) at 298.15 K from density, sound velocity and afflux time measu rements respectively. Partial molal volumes (V-2(0)) and adiabatic compress ibilities (K-s,2(0)) at infinite dilution have been fitted to a suitable po lynomial to estimate their first and second derivatives with respect to tem perature. B-coefficients have been obtained using Jones-Dole equation. The activation energy for viscous flow has been estimated from the temperature dependence of viscosity. These quantities have been discussed in terms of s tructure-making and structure-breaking processes. Estimated transfer parame ters have been rationalized in terms of the interactions between polyols (s olutes) and urea or sodium chloride (cosolutes).