V. Martin et al., Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in intravenous drug users on admission to prison, INT J TUBE, 4(1), 2000, pp. 41-46
Citations number
32
Categorie Soggetti
Cardiovascular & Respiratory Systems
Journal title
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
BACKGROUND: Intravenous drug users (IDUs) and prisoners are groups of great
interest in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis
(TB) epidemiology.
AIM: To determine predictors and temporal trends of the co-infection of Myc
obacterium tuberculosis and HIV in IDUs on admission to prison.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1 January 1991 and 31 December 1997, 796 IDUs
or former IDUs were studied. Socio-demographic and penitentiary variables
were evaluated. HIV-positive patients with greater than or equal to 5 mm in
duration on tuberculin test were deemed co-infected. Analysis of factors as
sociated with co-infection was based on a logistic regression model.
RESULTS: Of the incoming prisoners, 44.0% were infected by M. tuberculosis,
43.8% by HIV and 20.1% were co-infected. Co-infection predictors were: 1)
total prison time served previously (none, OR 1; <2 years, OR 2.44, 95%CI 1
.28-4.64; greater than or equal to 2 years, OR 4.94, 95%CI 2.56-9.55); 2) a
ge (16-25 years, OR 1; 25-29 years, OR 3.14, 95%CI 1.71-5.75; >29 years, OR
3.67, 95%CI 1.96-6.86); 3) tattoos (OR 1.56, 95%CI 0.98-2.49), 1) syringe
sharing (OR 2.43, 95%CI 1.57-3.77) and 5) ex-IDU status (OR 1.87, 95%CI 1.2
3-2.82). No statistically significant variation in the annual co-infection
tendency was observed (OR 1.10, 95%CI 0.98-1.22).
CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of co-infection that was detected was asso
ciated with risk factors that could be amended by public health interventio
n.