Ky. Pettersen et H. Nijmeijer, Global practical stabilization and tracking for an underactuated ship - A combined averaging and backstepping approach, MODEL IDENT, 20(4), 1999, pp. 189-199
We solve both the global practical stabilization and tracking problem for a
n underactuated ship, using a combined integrator backstepping and averagin
g approach. Exponential convergence to an arbitrarily small neighbourhood o
f the origin and of the reference trajectory, respectively, is proved. Simu
lation results are included.