The effect of NaF on Cu(In, Ga)Se-2 thin film solar cells

This work investigates NaF, on Mo coated sodium barrier glass, as a sodium precursor for the growth of Cu(In, Ga)Se-2 for thin him solar cells. These precursor layers are investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after annealing, and after exposure to selenium. XPS is also pe rformed on the Cu(ln, Ga)Se-2 layer, deposited with NaF. The influence of t he NaF on the absorber growth is studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (S EM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrical properties are investigated by cell fabrication and characterization. Cell results are comparable when NaF or out-diffusion of sodium from the soda lime glass are used. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.