Acute renal artery and vein thrombosis after renal transplant, associated with a short partial thromboplastin time and factor V Leiden mutation

Renal graft thrombosis is a rare but devastating complication of renal tran splantation. It accounts for one-third to one-half of early graft losses. W e report a patient with acute renal artery and vein thrombosis associated w ith abnormally short activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and facto r V Leiden mutation. Vascular thrombosis developed on the ninth post-transp lant day and led to a graft loss. Before transplantation, the patient had t hree episodes of thrombosis of arteriovenous access for hemodialysis. Our c ase illustrates the importance of investigating pretransplant patients for hypercoagulable states, particularly those with short aPTT.