The process of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) can be studied using in
situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) by intentionally using a high tip/sample
interaction force. The nominal removal rate of Al during AFM scratching is
studied under a range of conditions including varying tip/sample force, so
lution pH, and electrode potential. This approach should bt? useful far CMP
process development and furthering the fundamental understanding of CMP me
chanisms. (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S1099-0062(99)09-098-7. All
rights reserved.