The concept and implementation of sustainable development are resulting in
seemingly impossible goals for policy-makers and practitioners. Sustainabil
ity, in terms of government policies, tends to mean something quite differe
nt than what it means to Aboriginal peoples. Sustainability to Aboriginal p
eoples is not just about the environment and development; it is about survi
val of their peoples. Because of the close link between the social and econ
omic elements of sustainable forest management, policies for strengthening
the economic development of the forest sector are unlikely to be successful
in the long run when they do not integrate environmental, social and cultu
ral concerns. Innovative forest practice agreements (IFPAs) and other forms
of community-based tenures offer vehicles to do so something unconventiona
l - alternative mechanisms and means by which to incorporate indigenous kno
wledge and values and to implement Article 8(j) of the Convention on Biolog
ical Diversity.