When a laser pulse of intensity 10(19) W cm(-2) interacts with solid target
s, electrons of energies of some tens of MeV are produced. In a tantalum ta
rget, the electrons generate an intense highly directional gamma-ray beam t
hat can be used to carry out photonuclear reactions. The isotopes C-11, K-3
8, (CU)-C-62.64, Zn-63, Ag-106, Pr-140, and Ta-180 have been produced by (g
amma, n) reactions using the VULCAN laser beam. In addition, laser-induced
nuclear fission in U-238 been demonstrated, a process which was theoretical
ly predicted at such laser intensities more than ten years ago. The ratio o
f the C-11 and the (CU)-C-62 beta(+) activities yields shot-by-shot tempera
tures of the suprathermal electrons at laser intensities of similar to 10(1
9) W cm(-2).