Estimation of genetic polymorphism and subspecies diagnostics in the Far-Eastern leopard Panthera pardus orientalis by means of RAPD-PCR analysis of cellular DNA

Genetic polymorphism in the Far-Eastern leopard subspecies Panthera pardus orientalis was examined by RAPD-PCR analysis of total cellular DNA. Primers diagnostic for the leopard subspecies were detected. These primers can be used for differentiating wild-living animals from those kept in captivity a nd distinguishing different breeding lines. Genetic diversity was shown to be lower in animals from the zoo (D = 0.058) and higher in a natural popula tion (D = 0.137). Two lines of the Persian subspecies were genetically clos est (D = 0.032), and the Persian and Far-Eastern subspecies represented by wild animals, genetically most remote (D = 0.274). The level of genetic div ergence of the Persian subspecies and Far-Eastern subspecies (zoo animals) was lower (D = 0.108) than between representatives of the Persian subspecie s from the captive and natural population (D = 0.220). On the basis of anal ysis of relatedness, performed using NTSYS and PHYLIP software packages, th e possibility cannot be excluded that some P. p. orientalis animals from th e zoo have a hybrid origin and may be assigned to another Far-Eastern subsp ecies.