Gastroesophageal reflux disease in asthma - Effects of medical and surgical antireflux therapy on asthma control

Objective To critique the English-language reports describing the effects of medical and surgical antireflux therapy on respiratory symptoms and function in pat ients with asthma. Methods The Medline computerized database (1959-1999) was searched, and all publica tions relating to both asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease were retr ieved. Results Seven of nine trials of histamine-receptor antagonists showed a treatment-r elated improvement in asthma symptoms, with half of the patients benefiting . Only one study identified a beneficial effect on objective measures of pu lmonary function. Three of six trials of proton pump inhibitors documented improvement in asthma symptoms with treatment; benefit was seen in 25% of p atients. Hall of the studies reported improvement in pulmonary function, bu t the effect occurred in fewer than 15% of patients. In the one study that used optimal antisecretory therapy, asthma symptoms were improved in 67% of patients and pulmonary function was improved in 20%. Combined data from 5 pediatric and 14 adult studies of anti-reflux surgery indicated that almost 90% of children and 70% of adults had improvement in respiratory symptoms, with approximately one third experiencing improvements in objective measur es of pulmonary function. Conclusions Fundoplication has been consistently shown to ameliorate reflux-induced ast hma; results are superior to the published results of antisecretory therapy . Optimal medical therapy may offer similar results, but large studies prov iding support for this assertion are lacking.