Prevention of murine influenza A virus pneumonitis by surfactant nano-emulsions

Citation
Bw. Donovan et al., Prevention of murine influenza A virus pneumonitis by surfactant nano-emulsions, ANTIVIR CHE, 11(1), 2000, pp. 41-49
Citations number
24
Categorie Soggetti
Microbiology
Journal title
ANTIVIRAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMOTHERAPY
ISSN journal
09563202 → ACNP
Volume
11
Issue
1
Year of publication
2000
Pages
41 - 49
Database
ISI
SICI code
0956-3202(200001)11:1<41:POMIAV>2.0.ZU;2-B
Abstract
Non-ionic surfactant nano-emulsions have extensive anti-microbial activity and are biocompatible with skin and mucous membranes at effective concentra tions. Two nano-emulsion formulations (8N8 and 20N10) made from soybean oil , tributyl phosphate and Triton X-100, were tested for their ability to pre vent murine influenza virus pneumonia in vivo. In the initial study, CD-1 m ice were administered various dilutions of the nano-emulsions intranasally, and safe dosages and concentrations were determined. Non-toxic concentrati ons of the nano-emulsions were then mixed with influenza virus and applied to the nares of mice. Animals receiving mixtures of two different emulsions (8N8 or 20N10) and a LD,, of virus survived the challenge without evidence of viral infection. To determine if the nano-emulsions could prevent influ enza virus infection in vivo when used as a prophylactic treatment, the nan o-emulsions (8N8 at 1.0% and 20N10 at 1.0% or 0.2%) were applied to mouse n ares 90 min before exposure to 5 x 10(5) p.f.u./ml virus by nebulized aeros ol. Animals pretreated with the nano-emulsions had significantly decreased clinical signs of infection. Only 26.0% (8N8 at 1.0%), 31.25% (20N10 at 1.0 %) and 37.0% (20N10 at 0.2%) of animals pretreated with nano-emulsion died from pneumonitis, whereas >80.0% of mock pretreated animals succumbed to in fection (P < 0.005). These findings suggest that nonionic surfactant nano-e mulsions have therapeutic potential for the prevention of influenza virus i nfection in vivo.