R. Lessa et al., Biology and morphometry of the oceanic whitetip shark, Carcharhinus longimanus (Carcharhinidae), off north-eastern Brazil, CYBIUM, 23(4), 1999, pp. 353-368
The oceanic whitetip shark, Carcharhinus longimanus, represented 29% of the
elasmobranch catch in 197 longline sets conducted off Brazil in the equato
rial Atlantic (1 degrees N to 9 degrees S, 30 degrees to 40 degrees W) from
1992 to 1997. A total of 258 individuals were caught (121 males and 137 fe
males) ranging from 71 cm to 250 cm (total length, TL). No significant diff
erence was detected in the length vs eviscerated weight relationship betwee
n sexes. Significant differences between sexes were found for twelve morpho
metric features. Claspers 2.6-21.0 cm in length were found in males measuri
ng 114 to 235 cm. In individuals up to 187 cm, claspers are flexible and sm
aller than 10 cm. A substantial increment in size of claspers occurred in 1
90 cm individuals. Testes ranging from 3 to 170 g were recorded in individu
als 95 to 235 cm in length and epididymis width varied from 0.4 in to 2.4 c
m. In females, nidamental gland width varied between 0.5 to 4.4 cm in 105 t
o 250 cm. Ovary weights from 5 to 180 g were recorded. Vitellogenic follicl
es were not observed in females smaller than 180 cm, but in larger individu
als they vary from 1.0-4.4 cm. Liver weights ranged from 180 g in a 100 cm
female to 7,500 g in a 250 pregnant female. First maturity class is 180-190
cm for both sexes. Three pregnant females (203, 213 and 250 cm in length)
were caught with embryos of approximately 20 cm (n = 3), 10 cm (n = 4), and
fertilised eggs (n = 9), respectively. Males and females were longer and h
eavier from July through December. Testis and liver weights in males were a
lso significantly higher during this period. The mean weight of ovaries and
follicle diameter decrease during this period which can be attributed to o
vulation. A new-born shark caught in August with an unhealed umbilical scar
suggested that birth takes place at about 70 cm.