The Finite Integration Theory (FIT) is a discretization scheme for Maxwell'
s equations in their integral form and is the basis of a discrete electroma
gnetic field theory. The resulting matrix equations of the discretized fiel
ds can be used for efficient numerical simulations on modern computers. In
addition, the basic algebraic properties of this discrete electromagnetic f
ield theory allow to analytically and algebraically prove conservation prop
erties with respect to energy and charge of the discrete formulation and gi
ve an explanation of the stability properties of numerical time domain form
ulations.