H. Pothier et al., ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRONS IN AND OUT-OF-EQUILIBRIUM METALLIC WIRE, Zeitschrift fur Physik. B, Condensed matter, 103(2), 1997, pp. 313-318
We have measured with a tunnel probe the energy distribution function
of quasiparticles in the middle of a 1.5 mu m-long copper wire placed
between two reservoirs at different potentials. We find a distribution
function close to half the sum of the Fermi distributions in the rese
rvoirs. The deviation from this behavior is not yet understood.