A population-based analysis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (
PML) showed PML frequencies of 5.1% among patients with AIDS and 0.07% amon
g patients with hematologic malignancies, but similar clinical features of
PML in both groups. Sequencing of the p53 gene, exon 4, showed heterozygosi
ty (Arg-Pro) at codon 72 in five of six PML patients. These findings indica
te that frequencies of non-AIDS- and AIDS-related PML differ markedly but p
53 polymorphisms may influence the occurrence of PML in both groups.