A comparison of ADAS and EEG in the discrimination of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type from healthy controls

Neuropsychometric tests (for instance the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Sc ale, ADAS) and the EEG are often used in the diagnostic procedure of dement ia. The validity of the instruments is only poorly investigated. The study aimed to investigate the accuracy of the discrimination between healthy con trols and patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) by ADAS and EE G. Thirty-six patients with DAT and 44 healthy controls were included. In a discriminant analysis of the 21 ADAS items and 18 EEG parameters (6 freque ncy bands, 12 topographic parameters), 6 ADAS items turned out to discrimin ate both groups with 100% sensitivity and specificity (remembering instruct ions, depression, following commands, pacing, restlessness and word finding difficulties). Regarding EEG parameters, 4 (topography of beta- and delta- activity and amplitude of delta-activity) led to a sensitivity and specific ity of over 90%. Thus, both methods demonstrated an excellent discriminatio n between healthy controls and DAT. The slightly higher discrimination with the ADAS may depend on its closer relation to clinical symptoms. However, the EEG measuring functional activity reached nearly the same result. Both methods provide complementary information. A combination of both methods in the diagnostic procedure to detect dementia is recommended. Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel.