J. Huang et al., General and efficient catalytic amination of aryl chlorides using a palladium/bulky nucleophilic carbene system, ORG LETT, 1(8), 1999, pp. 1307-1309
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A combination of palladium and an imidazolium chloride has been used as cat
alyst precursor in the amination of aryl chlorides. The imidazolium salt IP
rHCl (4, IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) was found
to provide the most efficient transformation rates in this catalytic system
. This new system proves general and efficient for aryl chlorides as well a
s aryl bromides and iodides.