HA-HAase urine test - A sensitive and specific method for detecting bladder cancer and evaluating its grade

Hyaluronic acid and HAase are intricately associated with bladder tumor ang iogenesis and metastasis. Tumor-associated HA and HAase are secreted in uri ne. In G2 and G3 bladder tumors, HA is degraded by HAase, resulting in the generation of angiogenic HA fragments, which, in turn, are secreted in urin e. An elevated urinary MA level indicating a positive HA test suggests the presence of bladder cancer regardless of tumor grade. The urinary HAase lev els correlate with the malignant potential of bladder cancer and are elevat ed in the urine of patients with G2 and G3 bladder cancer. Combining the re sults from the HA and HAase test yields inferences, including the detection of bladder cancer and the evaluation of its grade. The overall 92% sensiti vity of the HA-HAase lest is equally sensitive for monitoring tumor recurre nce. When compared with the existing noninvasive tests, the HA-HAase test m ay be significantly less expensive and more accurate.