This article reports the relationships between resilience, demographic char
acteristics, immigration demands, and depression in a sample of 450 adult R
ussian immigrants to Israel. Contrary to theories of how resilience is rela
ted to psychological outcomes, no support was found for resilience modifyin
g or mediating the relationship between the demands of immigration and depr
ession. Resilience did, however increase the risk of not being depressed by
about two-fold (p < .0001).