Evaluation: Complementarity and contradictoriness of cancer theories. A genetic perspective

In this Chapter we evaluate complementarity and contradictoriness regarding theories and data of carcinogenesis described in this issue. Most theories and data are compatible with a multimutation model of carcinogenesis. Ther e are a few authors having severe criticism regarding this mainstream. FI o m a view of philosophy of science such criticism is valuable and this type of papers deserves careful evaluation. Zajicek has the most serious critici sm. Ne argues that cachexia, due to the absence of essential molecules, ind uces the tumor which tries to produce these missing essential molecules. So , in his view, cachexia causes cancer instead of cancel cachexia. The impli cation is that cachexia should be treated. Duesberg argues that cancer is d ue to an imbalance of chromosomes rather than to cancer specific mutations. A few points and implications seem important: (a) Duesberg does not really object to a multimutation model; (b) he wants to defend the view that canc er can also be due, to chromosomal imbalance, and (c) cancel due to chromos omal Inbalance cannot be inherited, in contrast to cancer based on a mutati on.