In this work, the efficiency and the applicability of some disinfection sys
tems for biologically treated wastewater were studied. The following disinf
ection processes were considered: peracetic acid (PAA), chlorine dioxide, o
zone, UV light. These treatments were chosen as an alternative to chlorinat
ion. Their applicability was investigated considering both the removal effi
ciency of microorganisms and the qualitative changes in the treated effluen
t (e.g. presence of disinfectant residues, disinfection by-products, etc.).
The different processes were tested by means of pilot scale plants working
in parallel; in fact they were fed with the same wastewater (secondary eff
luent of a municipal wastewater treatment plant). Finally, an economical an
alysis was carried out.