Using the effective potential approach for composite operators we have form
ulated the quantum model of the QCD vacuum. It is based on the existence an
d importance of the nonperturbative q(-4)-type dynamical, topologically non
trivial excitations of the gluon field configurations (due to self-interact
ion of the massless gluons only). The QCD vacuum is found to be stable sinc
e the vacuum energy density has no imaginary part. The Yang-Mills (YM) part
of the vacuum energy density is always negative and depends on a finite sc
ale at which nonperturbative effects become important. The quark part of th
e vacuum energy density depends in addition on the constant of integration
of the corresponding Schwinger-Dyson equation. The value of the above-menti
oned scale is determined from the bounds for the pion decay constant in the
:chiral limit. Our value for the chiral QCD vacuum energy density is one or
der of magnitude bigger than the instanton based models can provide while a
fair agreement with recent phenomenological and lattice results for the ch
iral condensate is obtained.