A narrowband land mobile satellite channel software simulator for urban environments

This paper presents a software simulator applicable to narrowband land mobi le satellite channels, in urban environments. The simulator is based on a t wo-state model, and several statistical models, for the characterization of different environments. A core procedure of the simulator is a Rayleigh mu ltipath module that conforms to the channel characteristics imposed by the use of non-geostationary satellites, incorporating the Doppler shift introd uced to the received signal. The underlying three-dimensional multipath sca ttering model addresses the movement of satellites with respect to the scat terers and the mobile receiver. A method for producing complex Rayleigh pro cesses, shaped in spectrum is also presented. A full description of the too l is given, and case study results are presented. A tool validation section is quoted, and the last section of the paper is devoted to the comparison of first- and second-order statistics as extracted by measured data and sim ulation runs.