Real-time and in-situ swelling of nickel hydroxide pasted electrodes during cycling

Five pasted nickel hydroxide electrodes have been made from two types of ni ckel hydroxide powders of different crystallinity. Cobalt and nickel filame ntary powders have been used to enhance the electronic conductivity. Nickel filamentary powders of different surface quality have been used, one being more oxidized. The effect of the quality of the base material on the swell ing of the electrodes during cycling has been investigate. The swelling beh avior of electrodes with different active mass loading has been examined as well as the effect of two different discharge rates. The reversible (perio dic) swelling over one cycle has been correlated with the utilization and s tate of charge. The occurrence of the irreversible (cumulative) swelling ha s been examined.