The principles for use of the alpha-emitter At-211 for tumour therapy are d
iscussed. The use of alpha-emitters instead of beta-emitters for this purpo
ses has the potential of providing a higher dose to the tumour with simulta
neous lower dose to surrounding healthy tissue. Furthermore, beta-active co
mpounds with tumour affinity has a much higher efficiency the corresponding
beta-active compounds against single cell or micrometastatic cancer. Const
raints and limitations of the method are discussed. Experiments with astati
nated monoclonal antibodies as well as small molecules are described, as we
ll as some possible strategies still not investigated.