Gay affirmative therapy: a critical analysis of the literature

A literature review indicated that the concept of gay affirmative therapy i s fragmented and in need of further evaluation. A research approach was ado pted, based on the notion that knowledge is socially constructed. A qualita tive approach and descriptive study, using a non-traditional format, was us ed. This reported events as they occurred, structured by a five stage 'fram ework' model. The research sample consisted of 33 journal articles and summ aries of conference papers, dated between 1982 and 1995. Fifteen themes wer e identified as features of gay affirmative therapy. These were synthesised to form an integrated model. Evidence of counsellors working at a micro an d macro level within three interconnected domains emerged. A gay affirmativ e approach was identified in individual counsellors, within organisations, and within a social movement or professional group.