J. Courtial et Mj. Padgett, Limit to the orbital angular momentum per unit energy in a light beam thatcan be focussed onto a small particle, OPT COMMUN, 173(1-6), 2000, pp. 269-274
Within a ray-optical approximation we show that there is a limit to the orb
itaI angular momentum per unit energy that can be focussed onto a small par
ticle. This limit depends solely on the geometry of the focussing optics an
d the size of the particle and is independent of the wavelength of the ligh
t. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.