Creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels as potential indicators of Trypanosoma cruzi infectivity and histotropism in experimental Chagas' disease

The results of the present study reveal an early increase in activity level s of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the plasma of mice infect ed with Trypanosoma cruzi strains K-1, X-1, and Tulahuen as compared with u ninfected control mice. An increase in creatine kinase activity was detecte d earlier in K-1- and X-1-infected mice than in Tulahuen-infected mice. Mor eover. an increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity occurred at 1.5 days a fter infection with the X-1 and Tulahuen strains and at 3.5 days after infe ction with the K-1 strain. Generally, the highest activity levels were foun d in the plasma of mice infected with the most virulent and lethal Tulahuen strain as compared with the less virulent and nonlethal K-1 and X-1 strain s. A significant decrease in creatine kinase levels occurred later in the t issues than in the plasma of K-1- and X-1-infected mice but did not vary si gnificantly in any of the tissues from Tulahuen-infected mice. Similarly, t he specific activity of lactate dehydrogenase in tissues from K-1- and X-1- infected mice dropped at a later stage than did the activity in plasma. but infection with the Tulahuen strain caused an earlier reduction in the acti vity of lactate dehydrogenase in the heart and skeletal muscle. The activit y levels of both enzymes in plasma and tissues showed a linearly negative a nd statistically significant correlation. The present study reveals that le vels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity in plasma could be early indicators of and suitable tools for monitoring of the infectivity of these strains of T. cruzi and might reflect their inherent histotropism during experimentally acute Chagas' disease.