Interphase processes involving hydrazine derivatives. X - The active transport of potassium, arginine, protons and electrons through bulk liquid membranes

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine (DPPH2), its nitrated derivatives (NO2DPPH2 and (NO2)(2)DPPH2, where NO2 represent the group or the groups attached at the phenyl sites para to nitrogen) may be utilised in active transport memb rane processes, e.g. the transport of potassium and arginine against the pr otons following an acid-basic process (antiport). The corresponding stable free radicals may be utilised in active concomitant transport of electrons and protons (symport) following a redox process. In the first case the tran sport of potassium and arginine (Arg) has been mediated by crown ethers (18 -C-6) or valinomycin. For the transport of electrons and protons (redox pro cess) no carrier was necessary. The best result was obtained using (NO2)(2) DPPH2 in acid-basic processes and DPPH free radical in the redox processes.