H. Pikhart et al., Outdoor air concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide and prevalence of wheezing in school children, EPIDEMIOLOG, 11(2), 2000, pp. 153-160
Citations number
75
Categorie Soggetti
Envirnomentale Medicine & Public Health","Medical Research General Topics
We report analysis of data on outdoor air pollution and respiratory symptom
s in children corrected in the Czech part of the international Small Area V
ariations in Air pollution and Health (SAVIAH) Project, a methodological st
udy designed to test the use of geographical information systems (GIS) in s
tudies of environmental exposures and health at small area level. We collec
ted the following data in two districts of Prague: (1) individual data on 3
,680 children (response rate 88%) by questionnaires; (2) census-based socio
demographic data for small geographical units; (3) concentrations of nitro
gen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) measured by passive samplers in
three 2 week surveys at 80 and 50 locations, respectively. We integrated al
l data into a geographical information system. Modeling of NO2 and SO2 allo
wed estimation of exposure to outdoor NO2 and SO2 at school and at home for
each child. We examined the associations between air pollution and prevale
nce of wheezing or whistling in the chest in the last 12 months by logistic
regression at individual level, weighted least squares regression at small
area (ecological) level and multilevel modeling. The results varied by the
lever of analysis and method of exposure estimation. In multilevel analyse
s using individual data, odds ratios per 10 mu g/m(3) increase in concentra
tions were 1.16 (95% CI = 0.95-1.42) for NO2, and 1.08 (95% CI = 0.91-1.21)
for SO2. While mapping of spatial distribution of NO2 and SO2 in the study
area appeared valid, the interpolation from outdoor to personal exposures
requires consideration.