Hormonal parameters in gestational diabetes mellitus during the third trimester: High glucagon levels

Hormonal parameters during the last trimester of pregnancy contribute to a natural increase of insulin resistance. It is not known whether any of thes e are further involved in the manifestation of gestational diabetes mellitu s (GDM) in affected individuals. Basal levels of adrenocorticotropic hormon e, cortisol, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, prolactin, gluca gon, estradiol, progesterone, human placental lactogen and human chorionic gonadotropin were investigated in 15 nonobese women with GDM and 26 matched normal pregnant women (N). A linear discriminant analysis was performed to further compare the predictive value of the basal hormone levels. Plasma g lucagon levels were significantly higher in the GDM group (p = 0.014); this difference was even higher (p = 0.007) when the number of women was increa sed (GDM = 33, N = 62). No significant differences were found in the levels of any of the other hormones. It is not clear whether elevated glucagon le vels have any involvement in the pathogenesis of GDM or simply reflect the relative insulin deficiency of these women. Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG , Basel.