N. Moskalev et M. Makosza, A novel simple method of synthesis of 2-amino-4-(-6-) nitroindoles via base promoted condensation of m-nitroanilines with nitriles, HETEROCYCLE, 52(2), 2000, pp. 533-536
Base promoted condensation of nitriles (RCH2CN) with m-nitroanilines at roo
m temperature results in the formation of 3-alkyl- or 3-aryl-2-amino-4-(-6-
) nitroindoles. This multistep process includes presumably nucleophilic sub
stitution of hydrogen (or halogen) in the nitroaromatic ring by the nitrile
carbanion and subsequent cyclization of the ortho-aminophenylacetonitriles
so formed to give the aminoindoles.