Sk. Hendricks et al., Plasma-deposited membranes for controlled release of antibiotic to preventbacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, J BIOMED MR, 50(2), 2000, pp. 160-170
Bacterial infection on implanted medical devices is a significant clinical
problem caused by the adhesion of bacteria to the biomaterial surface follo
wed by biofilm formation and recruitment of other cells lines such as blood
platelets, leading to potential thrombosis and thromboembolisms. To minimi
ze biofilm formation and potential device-based infections, a polyurethane
(Biospan) matrix was developed to release, in a controlled manner, an antib
iotic (ciprofloxacin(T)) locally at the implant interface. One material set
consisted of the polyetherurethane (PEU) base matrix radiofrequency glow d
ischarge plasma deposited with triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (triglyme)
; the other set had an additional coating of poly(butyl methyacrylate) (pBM
A). Triglyme served as a nonfouling coating, whereas the pBMA served as a c
ontrolled porosity release membrane. The pBMA-coated PEU contained and rele
ased ciprofloxacin(T) in a controlled manner. The efficacy of the modified
PEU polymers against Pseudomonas aeruginosa suspensions was evaluated under
flow conditions in a parallel plate flow cell. Bacterial adhesion and colo
nization, if any, to the test polymers were examined by direct microscopic
image analysis and corroborated with destructive sampling, followed by dire
ct cell counting. The rate of initial bacterial cell adhesion to triglyme-c
oated PEU was 0.77%, and to the pBMA-coated PEU releasing ciproaoxacin(T) w
as 6% of the observed adhesion rates for the control PEU. However, the rate
of adherent cell accumulation due to cell growth and replication was appro
ximately the same for the triglyme-coated PEU and the PEU controls, but was
zero for the pBMA-coated PEU releasing ciprofloxacin(T). (C) 2000 John Wil
ey & Sons, Inc.