E. Filipponi et al., Chemometric rationalization of the structural and physicochemical basis for selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition: Toward more specific ligands, J COMPUT A, 14(3), 2000, pp. 277-291
The discovery that proinflammatory prostaglandins are produced by cyclooxyg
enase-2 (COX-2), an inducible isoform of the constitutive cyclooxygenase-1
(COX-1), opened a new frontier in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, b
ecause the selective inhibition of COX-2 can lead to therapeutically effect
ive compounds which do not have the common side effects of classical non-st
eroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Different crystallographic structu
res of both free COX-1 and COX-2 as well as complexes with inhibitors have
been solved. Because of the great similarity between the two enzymes, it is
difficult to detect the most important structural and physicochemical feat
ures that would be useful for designing inhibitors with an improved selecti
vity. In this paper we describe the application of a chemometric procedure
to the study of COX-2 selective inhibition. This method, developed to revea
l the most suitable regions of isoenzymes for the design of selective ligan
ds, also has a very practical utility. GRID multivariate characterization o
f the enzymes and subsequent Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the desc
riptor variables allow the identification of chemical groups that could be
added to a core template structure to increase ligand selectivity.