Inhibitors of tripeptidyl peptidase II. 2. Generation of the first novel lead inhibitor of cholecystokinin-8-inactivating peptidase: A strategy for the design of peptidase inhibitors
Cr. Ganellin et al., Inhibitors of tripeptidyl peptidase II. 2. Generation of the first novel lead inhibitor of cholecystokinin-8-inactivating peptidase: A strategy for the design of peptidase inhibitors, J MED CHEM, 43(4), 2000, pp. 664-674
The cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8)-inactivating peptidase is a serine peptidase
which has been shown to be a membrane-bound isoform of tripeptidyl peptidas
e II (EC 3.4.14.10). It cleaves the neurotransmitter CCK-8 sulfate at the M
et-Gly bond to give Asp-Tyr(SO3H)-Met-OH + Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2. In seek
ing a reversible inhibitor of this peptidase, the enzymatic binding subsite
s were characterized using a fluorimetric assay based on the hydrolysis of
the artificial substrate Ala-Ala-Phe-amidomethylcoumarin. A series of di- a
nd tripeptides having various alkyl or aryl side chains was studied to dete
rmine the accessible volume for binding and to probe the potential for hydr
ophobic interactions. From this initial study the tripeptides Ile-Pro-Ile-O
H (K-i = 1 mu M) and Ala-Pro-Ala-OH (K-i = 3 mu M) and dipeptide amide Val-
Nvl-NHBu (K-i = 3 mu M) emerged as leads. Comparison of these structures le
d to the synthesis of Val-Pro-NHBu (K-i = 0.57 mu M) which served for later
optimization in the design of butabindide, a potent reversible competitive
and selective inhibitor of the CCK-8-inactivating peptidase. The strategy
for this work is explicitly described since it illustrates a possible gener
al approach for peptidase inhibitor design.