This research tested the hypothesis that marital satisfaction is a psycholo
gical state regulated by evolved mechanisms that monitor spousal cost-infli
ction and benefits. Three separate data sources were used to study a sample
of married couples. First, 214 participants provided information on their
personality and marital satisfaction. Second, participants provided informa
tion on their spouse's personality, mate guarding and susceptibility to inf
idelity. Third, couples were interviewed by two interviewers, who subsequen
tly provided independent ratings of each participant's personality. Results
indicate that costs associated with spouse's personality, mate guarding an
d susceptibility to infidelity negatively correlate with participants' mari
tal satisfaction. Discussion evaluates the utility of an evolutionary persp
ective on marital satisfaction and spousal cost-infliction. (C) 2000 Elsevi
er Science Ltd. All rights reserved.