Time-correlated soliton tunneling in charge and spin density waves

We consider a model in which an electric field induces quantum nucleation o f kink-antikink pairs in a pinned charge or spin density wave. Pair nucleat ion events, prevented by Coulomb blockade below a pair creation threshold, become correlated in lime above threshold. The model provides a natural exp lanation for the observed (i) small density wave polarization below thresho ld in NbSe3, (ii) narrow band noise, (iii) coherent oscillations, and (iv) mode-locking at high drift frequencies.