Internet protocol (IP) networks have become powerful business fools. We hav
e entered an age in which enterprises consider their networks to be as impo
rtant as conventional utilities such as electricity and the telephone. The
unparalleled and rapid ascent of the IP network to the status of a crucial
business resource has resulted in an ad hoc approach to the development of
networking systems. Network management is piecemeal at best, and interopera
bility often remains a significant challenge. As networks become more compl
ex, we are beginning to see that simplifying network management is the gati
ng factor to the growth of networks. This paper explores the historical app
roach to managing a network infrastructure, outlines current industry direc
tion, and contrasts conventional approaches with a new, more cohesive appro
ach that turns networks into unified, cooperative systems delivering servic
es in a controlled and predictable manner.