Elemental distribution near the interfaces between cordierite-spodumene glass-ceramic substrates and cofired Ag/Pd electrodes

Multilayer glass-ceramic substrates containing beta-spodumene and alpha-cor dierite were cofired with Ag/Pd electrodes. The elemental distribution near the interface between substrate and electrode was investigated. The MEG-co ntaining substrates with the cofired Ag/Pd electrodes revealed a four-layer structure with abnormal Ag-, Bi-, and Mg-distributions near the electrode- substrate interface when 85Ag/15Pd electrode was used. This phenomenon disa ppeared when 70Ag/30Pd was used. It is thought that the existence of Bi2O3 in the electrode and MgO in the substrate might be responsible for this ano maly. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd and Techna S.r.l. All rights reserved.