Although the Altyn Tagh fault system has played an important role in the In
do-Asian collision, its geometry and tectonic evolution remain poorly known
. Between 86 degrees and 92 degrees E, this system is at least 100 km wide
and is bounded to the north and south by the North Altyn and Altyn Tagh fau
lts, respectively. Mapping along the Jianglisai reach of the North Altyn fa
ult indicates that Miocene(?) to Pliocene(?) motion was predominantly left
to left-reverse slip, with transport vectors trending N45 degrees-60 degree
s E. Map relationships suggest that total offset on the fault is >120 km. T
hese results are inconsistent with previous models of the Altyn Tagh fault
system in which oblique convergence along the northern margin of the Tibeta
n Plateau is partitioned into thrusting on the North Altyn fault and left s
lip on the Altyn Tagh fault. An alternative hypothesis is that the North Al
tyn fault is the northern boundary of a transpressional strike-slip duplex
within which the structurally elevated Altyn Mountains were created. Our mo
del suggests that transpressional deformation may be restricted to this str
ike-dip duplex and need not characterize the entire margin.