Purpose. To investigate the expression of growth factor mRNA and the level
of growth factor protein in preserved human amniotic membrane (AM).
Methods. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of mRNA for eight growth
factors (EGF, TGF-alpha, KGF, HGF, bFGF, TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, -beta 3) and
two growth factor receptors (KGFR and HGFR) in human AM preserved at -80 d
egrees C for one month. In addition, ELISAs were used to measure the protei
n concentrations of seven growth factors (EGF, TGF-alpha, KGF, HGF, bFGF, T
GF-beta 1, -beta 2) in preserved human corneas and in AM both with and with
out amniotic epithelium.
Results. RT-PCR revealed that human AM expresses mRNA for EGF, TGF-alpha, K
GF, HGF, bFGF, TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, -beta 3, KGFR and HGFR, while ELISAs sh
owed that it contains EGF, TGF-alpha, KGF, HGF, bFGF, TGF-beta 1, -beta 2.
AM without amniotic epithelium also contains all seven growth factors exami
ned, however, in this tissue the protein levels of EGF, KGF, HGF and bFGF w
ere found to be significantly lower than in native AM.
Conclusions. Preserved human AM expresses mRNAs for a number of growth fact
ors and contains several growth factor proteins that might benefit epitheli
alization after AM transplantation. High levels of EGF, KGF, HGF and bFGF i
n AM with amniotic epithelium as compared to AM without amniotic epithelium
suggest an epithelial origin for these growth factors. We feel that EGF, K
GF and HGF in particular might play important roles in ocular surface wound
healing after AM transplantation.