Ischemic stroke - Clinical strategies based on mechanisms and risk factors

Ischemic stroke is a common disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Results of several pivotal clinical trials completed within the last decade have helped refine stroke prevention and treatment strategi es. Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis, anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation, and IV t-PA treatment of hyperacute ischemic strok e may reduce the burden of stroke. Ongoing studies are addressing newly rec ognized risk factors, such as aortic arch and intracranial atherosclerosis, as well as neuroprotective agents and locally delivered thrombolytics. Suc cessful patient management requires a targeted clinical approach based on v ascular localization and risk factor assessment.