Effect of a patient's psychiatric history on physicians' estimation of probability of disease

A questionnaire was mailed to 300 Iowa family physicians to determine the i nfluence of a prior psychiatric history on decision making. The response la te was 77%. Respondents were less likely to believe that a patient had seri ous illness when presenting with a severe headache or abdominal pain If the patient had a prior history of depression (P < .05) or prior history of so matic complaints (P < .05), compared with a patient. with no past history. Respondents were less likely to report that they would order testing for a patient with headache or abdominal pain if tbe patient had a history of dep ression (P < .05, P = .08, respectively) or somatic complaints (P < .01). D ifferences in likelihood of ordering tests were not significant after adjus ting for differences in estimated probability of disease. We conclude that physicians respond differently to patients with psychiatric illness because of their estimation of pretest probability of disease rather than bias. We conclude that past, psychiatric history influences physicians' estimation of disease presence and willingness to order tests.