The environmental impact of highway congestion pricing

This article simulates the effects of congestion pricing on emissions of ca rbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and hydrocarbons for an actual metropolitan highway network. Traffic is assigned to the network assuming elastic travel demand and endogenous route selection to minimize private or social travel costs. Simulations price all or part of the network. Delaware's household travel demand and highway traffic count data calibrate the simulations. EPA 's Mobile 5a model predicts that vehicle emissions decrease as much as 10% in aggregate and 30% in highly congested areas. Benefits from reduced emiss ions are 15-30% of those from reduced congestion. (C) Academic Press.